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Catastrophizing

Example: What if they don't reply to my text because they are mad at me? What if they are mad at me and break up with me? What if they break up with me and I am alone forever?

Personalization

Example: Your friend is sharing their personal beliefs about parenting, and you interpret their words as a direct criticism of your own parenting style. 

 

OR

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Example: If your partner had woken up earlier, you believe you would have been prepared for work on time.

Polarization

Example: Your partner was perfect until they didn't like your newest profile picture. Now, you cannot stand them.

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OR

 

Example: You got a C on a school test, so you have failed at being a good student despite getting only A’s before that.

Jumping to Conclusions

Example: As soon as your partner arrives home with a serious expression, you jump to the conclusion that they are angry with you, without even asking how they are feeling.

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Example: You feel insecure about your relationship. So, when you see your partner looking serious, you assume they might be losing interest in you.

Control Fallacies

Example: You couldn’t complete an assignment that was due today. You immediately think, “Of course I couldn’t complete it! My teacher is overworking me, and everyone was so loud at home last night. Who can get anything done like that?”

Filtering

Example: It's your quarterly review at work and your manager compliments your hard work several times. Towards the end, they offer constructive criticism for a small improvement area. You leave the meeting feeling miserable and dwell on that one cristicism all day long.

Emotional Reasoning

Example: Feeling unwanted or not good enough in a situation turns into, “I don’t belong anywhere.”

Discounting the Positive

Example: If someone compliments the way you look today, you think they’re just being nice.

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If you do well in that job interview, you think it’s because they didn’t realize you’re not that good.

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